Muammar Gaddafi

The US imposed sanctions on the International Criminal Court.

In 1986, the U.S. bombed Libya in retaliation for a Berlin discotheque attack, demonstrating power projection. Today, potential Iran confrontation presents vastly greater geographic and military complexity, with strategic chokepoints and economic dependencies making conflict far more costly and consequential globally.

The African Chamber of Content Producers questions whether foreign interests uncomfortable with South Africa's BRICS and AfCFTA leadership are orchestrating xenophobic violence to isolate the nation, citing historical patterns of Western interference against Pan-African leaders.

Turkish PM Erdogan urged Libyan leader Gaddafi to appoint a legitimate president acceptable to citizens, opposing foreign military intervention while advocating for an immediate end to Libya's violent conflict between government and opposition forces.

The US is orchestrating a power-sharing agreement between Libya's two dominant families-replacing current leaders with younger relatives from the Dbeibeh and Haftar clans-to stabilize the oil-rich nation amid regional tensions and surging energy prices.

The UN Security Council is set to vote Tuesday on a watered-down Hormuz Strait resolution, dropping force authorization language due to objections from Russia and China, amid tensions over Iran's blockade affecting global commerce.

The Petrodollar wars and the survival of the empire

The UN Security Council votes Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution urging the unblocking of the Strait of Hormuz, removing explicit force authorization after objections from Russia, China, and France, amid escalating tensions following Iran's blockade since February 28.

Since Libya's 2011 collapse into civil war between competing militias and jihadists, external powers supporting rival factions have worsened the conflict, though Turkey's intervention preventing Russian influence offers a potential pathway toward constructive international engagement for lasting peace.

The United States is reengaging militarily with Libya after fourteen years to counter Russian and foreign influence, capitalize on oil majors' return, and stabilize the fractured nation amid regional security threats and European energy concerns.

Unmanned drones struck Libya's Zawiya oil refinery three times since Sunday, destroying a 4.5 million liter gasoline tank and triggering fires, prompting authorities to threaten force majeure and halt operations amid escalating regional instability.

The US, led by Trump adviser Massad Boulos, proposes offering oil investments to rival Libyan factions if they unify governance, attempting to resolve a fifteen-year conflict stemming from NATO's 2011 intervention that toppled Gaddafi.

The U.S. military attacked Iran in February, killing the Supreme Leader and 165 civilians, while avoiding direct conflict with nuclear-armed North Korea and Russia, demonstrating that nuclear weapons deter American intervention and incentivizing proliferation among adversarial states.

Libya's National Oil Corporation plans to restart its 220,000-barrel-per-day Ras Lanuf refinery within a year following a partnership settlement, investing approximately 60 million dollars to supply the domestic market amid ongoing regional instability.

The UAE's withdrawal from OPEC marks the cartel's dramatic decline from controlling fifty percent of global oil supply to roughly thirty percent, undermined by U.S. shale competition and geopolitical shifts after dominating oil markets for sixty-six years.

The 2026 U.S.-Israel bombing of Iran, which complied with nuclear agreements, contradicted deterrence theory by demonstrating that compliance offers no security, while nuclear-armed North Korea remains untouched-a lesson now driving proliferation across Turkey, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia, destabilizing the Non-Proliferation Treaty framework.

Russia and Libya reactivated their dormant intergovernmental commission after 15 years, enabling Russian companies to return to Libya's economy and expand cooperation across trade, energy, and reconstruction sectors.

The UN Security Council votes Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution calling for coordinated defensive efforts to unblock Iran's blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, abandoning initial Gulf state demands for explicit military authorization amid veto threats from Russia and China.

Pakistan and Libya signed a US$4.6 billion defence agreement, significantly strengthening Libya's fragmented armed forces while establishing Pakistan as a competitive defence exporter independent of traditional Western and Russian supply networks, reflecting broader strategic realignment in emerging-market military procurement.

The US-Iran conflict may escalate nuclear threats. Iran's nuclear programme poses a threat to the US and the world. A potential war could release a nuclear threat that will be hard to contain.

The EU established a Maritime Rescue Coordination Center in Benghazi, Libya, funded by Italy and Malta, to manage surging migrant departures toward Europe, though human rights groups worry increased interceptions may return migrants to unsafe conditions.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio met Libyan National Army Deputy Commander Saddam Haftar to advance US diplomatic efforts toward unifying Libya's fractured eastern and western governments and militaries after thirteen years of civil conflict.

U.S. officials signaled potential asset recovery from Cuba's military conglomerate GAESA through new sanctions, suggesting Washington may discuss redistributing seized resources to the Cuban population while the regime remains in power, marking a significant diplomatic shift toward post-transition language.

Libya's largest oil refinery at Zawiya suspended operations as a precautionary measure during armed clashes involving heavy weapons nearby, with authorities launching a security operation against criminal groups while fuel supplies continue normally.

North Korea's successful nuclear program appeals to Iran as a deterrent model, yet analysts warn that pursuing weaponization exposes Tehran to preemptive strikes, creating a strategic vulnerability that differs fundamentally from Pyongyang's protected position near China and Russia.

Following Iran's regime collapse after Israeli strikes, North Korea's Kim Jong Un inherited Tehran's proxy networks, supplying advanced missiles to Hezbollah and Houthis under a nuclear umbrella, fundamentally altering Middle Eastern security dynamics and deterrence calculations.

Russia and China vetoed a UN resolution on reopening the Strait of Hormuz, which was already diluted to remove authorization for force.

The UN Security Council is expected to vote Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution calling for unblocking the Strait of Hormuz, abandoning initial Gulf country demands for authorization to use military force amid veto threats from Russia and China.

The Trump administration pursued Libya's political settlement through economic incentives, securing major oil deals with U.S. companies while UN envoy Tetteh worked parallel diplomatic channels, creating uncertainty about whether American and UN initiatives aligned toward resolving the country's deep divisions.

Trump's involvement in a war is highlighted as his choice and adventure.