Muammar Gaddafi

Libya's Zawiya refinery has resumed full operations after a two-day shutdown due to nearby fighting.

The UAE's withdrawal from OPEC marks the cartel's dramatic decline from controlling fifty percent of global oil supply to roughly thirty percent, undermined by U.S. shale competition and geopolitical shifts after dominating oil markets for sixty-six years.

North Korea's successful nuclear program appeals to Iran as a deterrent model, yet analysts warn that pursuing weaponization exposes Tehran to preemptive strikes, creating a strategic vulnerability that differs fundamentally from Pyongyang's protected position near China and Russia.

Al-Qaeda is resurging in the Sahel region, exploiting crises to re-establish itself.

Russia and Libya reactivated their dormant intergovernmental commission after 15 years, enabling Russian companies to return to Libya's economy and expand cooperation across trade, energy, and reconstruction sectors.

Medics recovered at least 17 migrant bodies on Libya's shores near Tripoli.

Nicolas Sarkozy challenges his conviction over alleged Libya funding, maintaining his innocence in an appeal hearing in Paris.

Libya is poised for a new interim authority in 2026 through US mediation between rival factions.

The UN Security Council votes Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution calling for coordinated defensive efforts to unblock Iran's blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, abandoning initial Gulf state demands for explicit military authorization amid veto threats from Russia and China.

Mohammad Ishaq Dar, Pakistan's current Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister, rose from a young chartered accountant in Libya during the 1970s to become a senior statesman orchestrating regional peace initiatives between Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Turkey regarding the Iran conflict.

Over a decade after Gaddafi's fall, Libya remains politically fragmented between rival governments and militia-controlled militias, squandering nearly 48 billion barrels of oil reserves while citizens face persistent insecurity and poverty despite a 2020 ceasefire.

Pakistan and Libya: defence diplomacy

The US and Israel have attacked Iran, undermining global governance. This move bypasses congressional and UN approval. A UN response is expected.

Mourners marched with Libya's green flag and portraits of Gaddafi and his son

Libya's largest oil refinery at Zawiya suspended operations as a precautionary measure during armed clashes involving heavy weapons nearby, with authorities launching a security operation against criminal groups while fuel supplies continue normally.

OPEC's 66-year reign as a powerful cartel has ended with the UAE's withdrawal, marking a significant decline.

The UN Security Council is set to vote Tuesday on a watered-down Hormuz Strait resolution, dropping force authorization language due to objections from Russia and China, amid tensions over Iran's blockade affecting global commerce.

Following Iran's regime collapse after Israeli strikes, North Korea's Kim Jong Un inherited Tehran's proxy networks, supplying advanced missiles to Hezbollah and Houthis under a nuclear umbrella, fundamentally altering Middle Eastern security dynamics and deterrence calculations.

A former Welsh soldier was captured and tortured by Islamic terrorists in 2011, but escaped and got revenge.

China vetoes a UN Security Council Resolution on the Iran crisis, testing its diplomatic stance amidst global scrutiny and potential repercussions.

Mediterranean migrant deaths are nearing 1,000 in 2026, marking one of the deadliest starts to a year since record keeping began.

Nicolas Sarkozy reiterates his innocence in the Libya trial, denying any campaign funding from Libya.

The UN Security Council is expected to vote Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution calling for unblocking the Strait of Hormuz, abandoning initial Gulf country demands for authorization to use military force amid veto threats from Russia and China.

Pakistan and Libya signed a US$4.6 billion defence agreement, significantly strengthening Libya's fragmented armed forces while establishing Pakistan as a competitive defence exporter independent of traditional Western and Russian supply networks, reflecting broader strategic realignment in emerging-market military procurement.

The Trump administration pursued Libya's political settlement through economic incentives, securing major oil deals with U.S. companies while UN envoy Tetteh worked parallel diplomatic channels, creating uncertainty about whether American and UN initiatives aligned toward resolving the country's deep divisions.

The US-Iran conflict may escalate nuclear threats. Iran's nuclear programme poses a threat to the US and the world. A potential war could release a nuclear threat that will be hard to contain.

Trump's involvement in a war is highlighted as his choice and adventure.

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, son of late Libyan President Muammar Gaddafi, assassinated

The US is orchestrating a power-sharing agreement between Libya's two dominant families-replacing current leaders with younger relatives from the Dbeibeh and Haftar clans-to stabilize the oil-rich nation amid regional tensions and surging energy prices.

A Libyan court sentenced four human traffickers to 12-22 years in jail for trafficking, abduction, and torture.

The 2026 U.S.-Israel bombing of Iran, which complied with nuclear agreements, contradicted deterrence theory by demonstrating that compliance offers no security, while nuclear-armed North Korea remains untouched-a lesson now driving proliferation across Turkey, South Korea, and Saudi Arabia, destabilizing the Non-Proliferation Treaty framework.

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Trump's mental health is reportedly deteriorating, raising concerns about his ability to lead.

Russia and China vetoed a UN resolution on reopening the Strait of Hormuz, which was already diluted to remove authorization for force.

The UN Security Council votes Tuesday on a significantly weakened resolution urging the unblocking of the Strait of Hormuz, removing explicit force authorization after objections from Russia, China, and France, amid escalating tensions following Iran's blockade since February 28.

Since Libya's 2011 collapse into civil war between competing militias and jihadists, external powers supporting rival factions have worsened the conflict, though Turkey's intervention preventing Russian influence offers a potential pathway toward constructive international engagement for lasting peace.

Over a decade after Gaddafi's fall, Libya remains fractured between two rival governments, crippled by militias and foreign interference, while its vast oil wealth fuels corruption rather than reconstruction, leaving citizens trapped in institutional collapse and humanitarian devastation.

The United States is reengaging militarily with Libya after fourteen years to counter Russian and foreign influence, capitalize on oil majors' return, and stabilize the fractured nation amid regional security threats and European energy concerns.

At least 22 migrants died at sea. The migrants were at sea for 6 days. The bodies were thrown overboard by smugglers.

Vladimir Putin is backing Iran's war effort, as a prolonged Middle East conflict serves Russia's interests, depleting US resources and distracting from the war in Ukraine.